Wal-Mart Ethics Essay - 2348 Words

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is currently entangled in a legal battle that will decide if the company has engaged willfully in gender-based discrimination. Underlying causes, organizational culture and ethical issues will be examined in determining how the largest private employer in the United States could have fallen prey to unfair labor practices. In 1999, women constituted 72% of Wal-Marts hourly employees, but only 33% of its managerial employees (Bhatnagar, 2004). This fact and many others are the reasons many people allege that Wal-Mart has unfair labor practices. The Dukes v. Wal-Mart case challenged the hiring, promotion and pay practices of Wal-Mart. The case was filed in June 2001. When the case reached class certification†¦show more content†¦Another root cause of Wal-Marts problem is their lack of a formal job posting policy. Associates are not made aware of management level openings. Those who selected to move up in the organization are picked by store and division level management staff without regard to skill or educational requirements. This system is described as a tap on the shoulder process (Betty Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc 2004). Another underlying problem for Wal-Mart is the companys policy to promote from within the company. This reinforces the organizational bad culture and practices. There are many unresolved issues with Wal-Mart that have made the news. The hourly pay scale for employees at the store level is below the Federal poverty level, many of the employees cant afford health care, and inequality of hiring women for management positions. The average Wal-Mart employee earns $8.00 an hour, with the average work week being about 32 hours. This equates to $256 a week or $13,312 a year. The Federal poverty level for a family of three is $14,630 (Brownstein 2005). Wal-Marts personnel polices are directed to keep wages cheap. Wal-Mart does this so they can maximize their profits. The health benefits for a Wal-Mart employee costs 20% of the average employees paycheck. Of their 1.2 million employees, 2/3 of the employees cant afford the health benefits. Over the last 12 years,Show MoreRelatedEthics and Management of Wal-Mart2569 Words   |  11 Pagesvalues, morals and ethics have become increasingly complex in a postmodern society where absolutes have gi ven way to tolerance and ambiguity. This particularly affects managers in Human Resources, where decisions will affect people’s jobs and their future employment. This paper will look at the history of Wal-Mart and it will glance at the management style and Ethics of Wal-Mart towards it internal and external customers. Wal-Mart Ethical and Management Style Wal-Mart is not only theRead MoreWal-Mart Ethics Case Essay1998 Words   |  8 PagesWal-Mart is the largest grocery chain in the world, second largest company on Fortune’s 500 2012 list, and the largest employer in North America. Wal-Mart is faced with many dilemmas and issues that can be expected of such a large and imposing organization. These problems include environmental issues, employee’s issues, leadership issues, supplier issues and creating an uncompetitive market. This is not an exhaustive list, and Wal-Mart has other dilemmas as well, but this paper will concentrate onRead MoreBusiness Ethics: Child Labor in Wal-Mart8552 Words   |  35 PagesPart A: Introduction There are several ways to define ethics. Ethic is a set of principles of right and wrong behavior guiding. Ethical person will behave in accordance with sound moral principles based on fairness, justice and trust (Wiley, 1995). The purpose of ethic is to provide an environment that allows people to live a more structured, happy life than would exist without ethics (Warnock, 1971). Business ethic is examination of variety of problems that can arise from business environmentRead MoreThe Ethics of the Wal-Mart Model887 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ethics of the Wal-Mart Model There are many opinions on the ethics of the Wal-Mart model, both favourable and unfavourable. The article â€Å"ROB Ranks Wal-Mart Among Canada’s Best Employers† (McLachlan, 2009, pg. 287) offers a favourable viewpoint of the model, and the article â€Å"The Cost of Walmartization† (McLachlan, 2009, pg. 288) offers an opposing unfavourable view. This paper discusses the theoretical approaches used in each article, along with the supporting evidence that was used in anRead MoreWal Mart s Latest Ethics Controversy Essay853 Words   |  4 PagesWal-Mart’s Latest Ethics Controversy Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is the world s largest retail enterprise, with total revenue of $421.8 billion and a net income of $16.4 billion in 2011. 1 It is also the world s largest employer, with 2.1 million employees worldwide in 2010 2, not including workers hired by its providers. In my opinion, Wal-Mart provides a clear illustration through which to look at how many multinational companies (MNCs) take part in an illegal and unethical behavior. They use theirRead MorePersonal And Organizational Ethics : Wal Mart Corporate1814 Words   |  8 Pages Week One Journal Mornic Davis PHI445: Personal Organizational Ethics Prof: Robert Wengrzyn August 24, 2015 Week One Journal Place the name of the Not-For-Profit Organization here: Shriners Hospitals for Children Place the name of the For-Profit Organization here: Wal-Mart Corporate Reflection Prompt # 1 Summarize three of the ethical theories that are explained in Chapter 1 of Introduction to Business Ethics. Explain how people running businesses would construct their companies ifRead MoreWalmart and Its Associates Efficient Operator or Neglectful Employer1479 Words   |  6 PagesDiscrimination 4 Dominance Policies 4 Unionisation 5 Wal-Mart: Past and new allegations 5 Conclusion 6 References 7 Introduction: Ethical Issues (Appendix A) Wal-Mart had been criticized for its worst CSR practices which includes low wages for the employees (Karen, 2004). Immoral activity of paying low for more and the overtime works had been held (Karen, 2004) .The quantitative records of designations in the company showed that Wal-Mart had sexual discrimination in its organization (TheRead MoreMgt/330 Week 2 Team Paper External/Internal Factors of Planning1293 Words   |  6 Pagesinnovation; diversity; and ethics. These factors as they apply to Wal-Mart, one of the leading retail stores in the world, will be examined in this paper. During the past decade, retail markets have undergone many changes in their processes, services, and formats. The last part of distribution of the market strategy, retailing serves as a bridge between the final consumer and the mass producers of products. Retailing has reached every corner of the globe, and Wal-Mart has been eying areas whereRead MoreInternal and External Factors of Wal-Mart.1220 Words   |  5 PagesWal-Mart is a company that has always presented the image to go the extra mile to meet customer satisfaction. They have been able to grow in times when most companies were facing hardship. The implementation of walmart.com in January 2000 was a major step for the Wal-Mart organization. Their globalization, e-business, and ethics have been essential in the success of this and any company. Many people claim the ethics of Wal-Mart has changed greatly, and not for the better, since the death of Sam WaltonRead MoreWal Marts Statement Of Ethics1716 Words   |  7 Pagesinfor mation (Stanwick Stanwick, 2009). Wal-Mart’s Statement of Ethics has a specific section dedicated to protecting personal and business information. In the daily business of a Wal-Mart associated they may be exposed to personal and business information about other coworkers, customers, suppliers and the company. Associates are expected to protect the information in accordance to the best practice standards and applicable laws (Wal-Mart Statement of Ethics, 2008). Trade secrets of the company

The Development Of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay

The development of human being during the entire course of life, focus on biological and psychological growth (Berk, 2010). Human development hold several outcomes that are altered by both positive and negative influences. Genetic (nature) and environmental (nurture) influences place significant impact on human development. In fact, Pinker (2004) submits that behavior is the result of a complex collaboration among inheritance and environmental factors in human development, ultimately supporting that nature-nurture work collectively (Pinker, 2004). This paper aimed to observed the life of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. through concepts, approaches and theories of development. Hereditary and environmental influences, milestones and the impact of diversity concerning King’s cognitive, physical and social-emotional development is offered. Furthermore, classical and contemporary theories from Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget were applied to analysis King’s life. Piaget’s stages of cognitive development include 4 stages: Sensorimotor period, preoperational period, concrete operational period and formal operations period. Piaget theory offers that a child’s cognitive development encounter these four stages to understand their world independently (Harris, 2005). Contrarily, Vygotsky theory suggest that cognitive development involves children managing challenges through support from adults (Berk, 2010). Martin Luther King, Jr. also, known as MLK was born to the Reverend Martin LutherShow MoreRelatedPurpose of Education Essay669 Words   |  3 PagesSynthesis Essay: The Purpose of Education Everyday we go to school to receive our education, but what is the purpose of education? Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s speech, â€Å"The Purpose of Education† and Frank O’Connor’s short story, â€Å"Christmas Morning,† both discuss what is the purpose of education. The purpose of education is to acknowledge not only one’s intelligence, but also one’s character, provide one with the ability to make decisions and achieve their goals. One of the purposes of educationRead MoreFamous Thinkers Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesThinkers Paper: Bill Gates and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. PHL/458 Mr. McDuffie October 2, 2012 While exploring history and trying to realize the famous thinkers of our society, countless men and women stand out. Famous thinkers are individuals who used determination and critical thinking to overcome hard times in order to do well. The two famous thinkers that thrust out in my mind are Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and Bill Gates. In thisRead More The Rhetoric of Pathos in the Writings of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.1141 Words   |  5 PagesThe Rhetoric of Pathos in the Writings of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. I have a dream, says Dr. Samuel Proctor, Martin Luther King, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Rutgers University. All the little children--you hear everywhere you go: I have a dream. All the little children repeating that speech. Its become like the Star Spangled Banner or the Pledge of Allegiance. Its entered our culture. And so it has: I have a dream has become one of the most memorable phrases of the twentieth centuryRead MoreMartin Luther King Memorial in Yerba Buena Gardens1146 Words   |  5 Pagesstands a Martin Luther King Jr. memorial. The memorial is breathtakingly beautiful with a fifty foot high and twenty foot wide waterfall that falls over Sierra granite. In the Memorial’s hallway, visitors read quotes from Dr. King himself that are engraved on glass panels and set in granite. The physical beauty of the memorial is undeniable, however many people are not aware of the symbolism lying beneath the memorial’s surface. The memorial’s waterfall symbolizes th e realization of Dr. King’sRead MoreLeading Organizational Change Essay841 Words   |  4 Pagesexact. That state agency is the State of Arkansas Martin Luther King, Jr. Commission. â€Å"The Arkansas Martin Luther King, Jr. Commission is a state organization empowered to serve all Arkansans. It was created in 1993 by Act 1216 of the Arkansas General Assembly to promote the legacy and philosophy of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.† (AMLKC) The newly-established Martin Luther King Jr. Commission†¦exists to promote the teachings and legacy of Dr. King. (Jet) Its presence illustrates Arkansas’ goal ofRead MoreFamous Thinkers Essay1450 Words   |  6 Pagesand try to discover famous thinkers in our society, many men and women stand out. Famous thinkers are people who used critical thinking and perseverance to overcome adversity to succeed. The two that stand out in my mind are Bill Gates and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Lets discuss their contributions to society as a whole, the problems or issues that they resolved, and how they were able to come up with their solutions.   Contributions to Society Self made multi-billionaire, entrepreneur and philanthropistRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr1395 Words   |  6 Pages Dr. Martin Luther King Jr Martin Luther King Jr. was a revolutionary man. He spoke of non-violent ways to create a fair and equal society. He preached that all men are the same and created equal no matter the color of your skin. He was a great public speaker and reached many people in his speeches. Martin King even got to speak to thousands of people at the footsteps of the Lincoln Memorial where he spoke these words. I have a dream that my four little childrenRead MoreEssay Philosophies and Tactics of Dr. King and Malcolm X1492 Words   |  6 Pagesblack and white contributed to the development of rights for African Americans and other minorities. Among them, Martin Luther King and Malcolm X had an everlasting effect on the treatment of minorities in the United States. Although their philosophies and tactics differed greatly, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X helped shape the Civil Rights Movement and make the United States a better place for people regardless of their race. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X had different beliefsRead MoreMalcolm X vs. Martin Luther King Jr.1723 Words   |  7 Pagesprotests define this momentous time in United States history. Speeches during this period served as a means to inspire and assemble a specific group of people, for Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X it was the black community that needed to rise up in hopes of achieving equal rights and voting rights for the blacks. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were two of the most prominent leaders and orators at the heart of the Civil Rights Movement. Although both leaders possessed the same objectivesRead MoreMalcolm X Vs. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pagesprotests define this momentous time in United States history. Speeches during this period served as a means to inspire and assemble a specific group of people, for Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X it was the black community that needed to rise up in hopes of achieving equal rights and voting rights for the blacks. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were two of the most prominent leaders and orators at the heart of the Civil Rights Movement. Although both leaders possessed the same objectives

Characterization Of The Physician Essay Example For Students

Characterization Of The Physician Essay Characterization of the PhysicianDirect Characterization:Doctor of physicsHe was very into astronomy. He kept his patient from being depressedby horoscope and magic. He could sense the fortune thatll arrivein his sick patients dwelling. He was a very good physician. He knew the cause of every sickness. His patient pays him in gold. He read a lot of medical books writtenby the famous physicians such as Esculapius, Deiscorides, Hippocrates andHali etc. He was careful about his diet; never atea bite more than he should yet he ate healthily. He read buy little in the Bible. He dressed in blue and scarlet. He is careful with his money. He kept the gold he gained and loved itmore than anything else. Indirect Characterization:He is well respected in the society sincehe is a doctor. He might be a descendant of one of thewell-known physicians. He studied a lot about medicine and itscauses. It said that he knew the cause of very malady, were it of hot orcold. He probably isnt a Christian, at leastnot a devoted one. He cures his patients not from his good-will,but because the gold hell receive later. He enjoys reading books written about medicine,or anything that has to do with his field. He seems to be fastidious, and wary man. Hes fairly rich (This is portrayed throughhis attire) yet not very generous, maybe even a bit stingy. The Social ClassDoctors, throughout the century has beenconsidered the higher-class people, the more nobles ones. It was the sameduring the Medieval Period. They were regarded as the high-class, the welleducated. Doctors and physicians alike were very influential, especiallywhen knowledge about medicine werent as perceived as now. People aroundlook up to them and go to them for help. Usually, the doctors are fairlyrich. The patients, despite his wealth, more or less, pays the doctor. Those that are of higher classes often times reward doctors in gold. Asyou can imagine, how wealthy they are. However, not all of them are magnanimousin spending. Some of them are relatively wary, like the one in this prologue. Maybe, thats also one way they become rich through stinginess.

Analysing The Case Of Cialis Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Analysing The Case Of Cialis. Answer: Introduction The report focuses on analysing the case of Cialis as an effective drug launched by Lilly ICOS LLC for helping customers in effectively adopting between product alternatives to existing products like Viagra. Viagra as an ED drug is observed to be harmful in nature and also lacks needed flexibility. The report focuses on understanding the manner in which Lilly would effectively market and position Cialis as a differentiated product offering to customers enabling both safety and flexibility. Segmenting the ED Market The market for ED is effectively segmented along three main divisions constituting of Physicians, Patients and their Partners. The Physicians The Physicians can be effectively segmented along two specific groups like Urologists and Primary-Care Physicians or PCPs. The Urologists were observed to have effective knowledge regarding the incidence of problems associated with Erectile Dysfunction (ED) and felt quite easy in discussing the same with the patient groups. However, the PCPs reflected a different behavioural trait in that they did not feel quite comfortable in effectively discussing the problems concerning ED with the patients during the initial sittings. The PCPs were also apprehensive regarding prescribing of Viagra to patients that complained of problems associated with ED(Lantos, 2015). These doctors reflected on the growth of untimely deaths of patients suffering from Cardiovascular Problems that emerged owing to their consumption of Viagra. These physicians rendered greater importance in generating a safe life for the patient groups rather than recommending Viagra to take care of their sexual problems. Thus, th ough around in 90 percent of the cases where patients had initiated the request for the Viagra drug the doctors consisting of both Urologists and PCPs proactively abstained from rendering the same to the patients(Ofek, 2010). The Patients A study was conducted for patient groups pertaining to countries like United States and also of European countries like France, Germany, United Kingdom, Spain and also Italy would respond to the emergence of ED and the treatment procedure adhered to it. Out of a sample constituted by around 32,644 patients visiting the PCPs, around 28,022 reflected that they did not suffer from the problem concerning ED while 2,450 patients that though they suffered from ED problems they had not visited doctors to take any form of medical consultation for their sexual problems. The remaining number of patients amounting to 2,172 reflected that they visited the doctors for earning medical consultation for their sexual problems. For patients, the main market segment concerning EDs is observed to age 50 years or more where around 80 percent of them had sexual partners or were married(Ofek, 2010). Moreover, the ED patient groups residing in United States were observed to be more knowledgeable concerning ED than other patients belonging to European nations. Survey results further reflected half of the number of consumers that tended to perceive ED focused on consulting PCPs. The ED patients tended to visit the doctors with either their spouses or with their sexual partners(Dogramatzis, 2016). It was also observed that in the patient segment, the younger patient groups felt somewhat embarrassed to talk with the doctors regarding their ED problems while for the older generation the patients observed the ED problem as naturally emerging on account of age factor and thus steadily discussed the same with their PCPs. The patient groups suffering from ED on visiting the doctors were administered with the Viagra drug. It is however observed that a larger percentage of the male patient groups reflected that they did not feel potentially satisfied with the use of Viagra(Ofek, 2010). The Patient Segment concerning ED was further segmented along three main groups concerning the using of Viagra. The three main segments that were identified as such consisted of Viagra Current User Groups, Viagra Dropout Cases and also other patient groups that Never Used Viagra(Ofek, 2010). The Partner Segment The Partner Groups consisting of women reported different types of causes attributed to the cause of ED for their spouses. The women partners reflected that the main cause of ED for their husbands and male partners are accounted to factors like growth of stress especially pertaining to their work spheres and also the prevalence of diabetes on a larger scale. Some women partners even reflected or blamed themselves for becoming less attractive currently which was accounted as one of the prime reasons for their husbands ED problems. The male partners however reflected that lack of physical intimacy accounted greatly for their ED problems(CTI Reviews, 2016). The male partners reflected that owing to the incidence of the ED problem they are having lesser amount of hugs and kisses from their spouses or sexual partners which further contributed to the growth of ED. The knowledge of Viagra as a potent solution to the sexual problem concerning ED was also observed to be quite low among the pa rtner groups. Partners were observed to gain information concerning Viagra either from media stories or from word-of-mouth marketing(Ofek, 2010). The Partner Knowledge of Viagra is reflected in the following table. The women partners also reflected potential inconvenience and discomfort regarding the intake of the Viagra drug by their male counterparts. The female partners however stated that it was better for their male counterparts to be administered with the Viagra drug than being free or without subjected to any drug profile. The couples were also observed in enjoying sexual activity especially during the night times and especially during weekends rather than at the middle of the week(Ofek, 2010). Critical Analysis of Positioning of Cialis in the Marketplace The Cialis Drug was positioned to help in improving the ability of around 81 percent of the people suffering from ED. It was positioned as an effective drug that would help people gain the advantage of enjoying sexual stimulation even after a 36 hour period on being administered with the drug. The same was taken to account for greater male satisfaction than that of Viagra. Cialis was positioned to rend the male suffering from ED a greater opportunity for enjoying the periods of intimacy with their female partners(Mei, 2012). Cialis was positioned against Viagra such that the latters effect stayed only for a four hour period compared to the 36 hour period offered by Cialis. Further, Viagra generated reduced benefits on being taken after a fat meal while in case of Cialis the intake of food failed to affect the performance of the drug on the male population suffering from ED. Cialis as a drug for combating ED also reflected greater amount of safety compared to that of Viagra causing un timely deaths from Cardio-Vascular problems(Ofek, 2010). The marketing program developed during the initial period for effectively marketing Cialis as a differentiated product focused on three main dimensions underlined as follows. Firstly, Cialis was taken to be promoted as a product that would help in meeting the needs of a niche market segment. Secondly, Cialis was also focused on being marketed to directly compete with Viagra already existent as a potential drug in the ED market. Thirdly, Cialis was taken to be promoted and positioned as a differentiated product through the incorporation of the beat strategy(Taylor, 2013). The differentiated positioning that would be rendered for ED would effectively contribute in generating a larger or broader market than Viagra. The promotion and testing of Cialis was firstly accounted through the identification of an effective target market for promoting the drug. The application of Cialis during the initial stages was focused mainly on the Viagra dropouts(Ofek, 2010). Similarly, the marketing budget concerning the promotion for Cialis was carried out in terms of approaching both the doctors and the patient parties. Cialis was required to be promoted as quality-of-life drug for which the marketing activities were required to be subjected mainly along two stakeholder groups, doctors and patients. An effective balance was required to be generated between the doctor and patient groups for designing of the marketing program concerning Cialis(Ezrachi, 2012). The positioning decision concerning Cialis was also accounted to focus on the pricing and promotional activities such that Cialis was focused on being marketed with a higher price than that of Viagra on account of its longer performance. Cialis was also evaluated to be marketed at low prices for being able to tap a larger market. Similarly, concerning promotional activities Cialis was focused on being marketed through the use of celebrity endorsement or rather focusing on marketing the product in te rms of attesting a sporting or athletic theme with the same(Ofek, 2010). The marketing positioning strategy concerning the marketing of Cialis compared to Viagra during the initial period would have gained further impetus through the incorporation of an effective promotion and place mix. The promotion mix for effectively marketing Cialis was required to incorporate different promotional elements like employment of print, digital, social media along with public relation campaigns conducted through use of broadcasting mediums like television and radio(Schecter, 2012). Development of half and full page advertisements for newspapers, health and fitness and other family magazines while also formulating of 30 seconds slot advertisements for radio and television mediums along with conducting of digital and social media marketing programs would help in generating greater brand awareness for the Cialis brand. Rendering of testimonials of consumers having used and experienced the long duration based climax concerning Cialis along both print and audiovisual media wo uld also contribute in development of greater trust of the consumers towards the Cialis brand(Ofek, 2010). Similarly, the incorporation of an effective place mix is required to be made concerning the marketing of Cialis to potential customers. The place mix would be carried out through selling Cialis through exclusive retail outlets of Lilly ICOS LLC and other medicine retail outlets both brick-and-mortar and also through use of the digital interface incorporating both e-commerce and m-commerce paradigms. Effective Apps are required to be developed for Smartphones and tablets such that the same would help consumers in both viewing and ordering Cialis in a convenient and effective fashion(Ofek, 2010). Position of Cialis against Viagra Effective brand positioning for Cialis can be done through reflecting on its differentiated offering to the ED market compared to other like products like Viagra. During the initial period, Cialis was promoted in the larger market for ED drugs through creating a differentiated image where Cialis was marketed as a drug for enhancing romance and intimacy rather than meeting sexual needs as in the case of Viagra. Further, the management of Lilly can focus on interviewing the medical practitioners for understanding their needs and expectations concerning the treatment styles considered effective by them for treating ED(Dawar, 2013). Herein, the safety paradigm attached to Cialis and also the flexibility of it being taken before or after meals can be stressed upon for effectively combating and comparing with Viagra that is not considered to be safe and also lacks needed flexibility. The interviewing of medical practitioners contributes in generating greater awareness about Cialis as an ef fective drug for combating ED. Further, effective promotion needs to be planned for rightly reflecting the benefits and attributes of Cialis as an ED drug to the larger consumer market. Different types of mediums like print, broadcasting and social and digital media platforms are needed to be incorporated for generating increased awareness about the product(Thursby, 2016). Apart from designing of marketing campaigns both physically and virtually for educating consumers regarding Cialis, Lilly is also required to focus on conducting a market survey to understand views, expectations and needs of customers and medical practitioners in the ED market. The same would help in development of effective relationship of the Cialis brand with diverse stakeholder groups and thereby aim in generating greater profits and sales in the long run. Lilly is required to both sustain and enhance the level of differentiation associated with the production of Cialis through the generation of considerable investment in research and development activities. The same is taken for developing newer and premium drugs which would help in enhancing the product portfolio of the Cialis brand in the market for ED drugs(Dubey, 2017). Effective Marketing Mix Package for Cialis An effective marketing mix package can be designed for effectively marketing of Cialis against Viagra in the ED market. Product Mix An effective product mix can be generated for Cialis through the designing of a potential product assortment consisting of both oral medications and injections. The development of injections for ED treatment are rendered in an affordable fashion and can be taken with drugs consisting of nitrates needed for patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Intracavernous Cialis injections developed in combination with oral pills helps in faster movement of the medicine along the body of the patient and are also observed to have low side effects. Customers and ED patients thus can effectively opt between purchasing of oral pills and injections of Cialis(Schoonveld, 2016). Price Mix Cialis can be rightly marketed through the incorporation of segmented pricing. The use of skimming pricing strategies would help Cialis in both earning greater margins and also in gaining a greater market share in the ED market. Different types of packages can be generated regarding Cialis where greater emphasis was rendered for generation of discounted products during the initial stages while enhancing premium pricing during later stages and also based on the marketing potential of the consumers. Generation of discounted prices during the initial stages would help Cialis develop its brand presence in the drug retail market for ED(Dogramatzis, 2016). Further, Cialis can be marketed at a premium pricing greater than $10 in terms of approaching regions consisting of higher income consumers. The price mix to be set for Cialis also needs to reflect the assurance for a greater and quality life and also an enjoyable intimacy that can be experienced by customers compared to the procuring of Viagra, creating a threat for death. Similarly, segmented pricing strategies can also be undertaken regarding fixation of higher prices for the oral pills while generating low prices for injections. The same would help customers in deciding between shifting over two options like oral pills and injections for meeting of their ED needs(Babar, 2014). Place Mix The Place Mix regarding the marketing of Cialis in the ED market can be effectively enhanced by Lilly ICOS LLC through the designing of large number of research and development centres along United States, European and other Middle East and Asian markets. The development of local Research and Development centres would help Lilly in gaining access to local resources in terms of technology, human resources expertise and other raw materials for producing the needed product. The same would help in reducing the price for the Cialis product in the ED market. Similarly, Lilly can also focus on entering into partnerships and joint ventures with other local medicine companies associated to the production of sexual medicines and other products for developing larger volumes of such product for local market needs. The same would reduce the need for Lilly in exporting Cialis over international frontiers. Other than saving on exporting cost, the above strategy would help Lilly in gaining effective access to local market networks for marketing of the ED drug. Further, Lilly also needs to focus on the development of exclusive retail outlets other than marketing Cialis through different local drug retail stores and departmental outlets(MacDougall, 2011). Development of apps for mobile phones and tablets would help consumers in buying Cialis online. This would help in enhancing the purchasing experience of the customers and thereby would enhance the level of customer satisfaction(World Health Organization, 2014). Promotion Mix Cialis can be effectively marketed as an effective ED drug through differentiating the product as encouraging the growth of intimacy and romance among the couples. Along with the incorporation of different types of communication mediums like print, broadcasting, digital and social media for advertising Cialis, Lilly also needs to develop quality marketing and promotional campaigns such that the same would help in enhancing potential brand awareness for the drug in the ED market. The marketing campaigns can be effectively designed in terms of designing workshops for educating consumers regarding the benefits to be gained from consuming Cialis. Invitation can be generated to the patient groups visiting fertility clinics and also to young consumers visiting PCPs(Ezrachi, 2012). The advertisements to be broadcasted using television and radio are required to be developed based on romantic themes where male actors would be observed and heard in taking the Cialis pill before lovemaking. Use of effective colours in the advertisements developed for magazines and newspapers with couples in romantic moods would effectively highlight and portray the benefit of using Cialis. Marketing conducted through the use of social media platforms like Twitter and Facebook would contribute in generating larger brand awareness for the product in local markets and communities. This would serve the need for word-of-mouth marketing(Braithwaite, 2013). The management of Lilly can install an external market survey firm that would conduct a survey through interviewing male and female participants regarding their experiences in using Cialis. Video reflection of the survey activity along with publication of the results through use of print, broadcasting and social media would help in generating increased attraction for the ED drug in the target market.(Katsanis, 2015) Conclusions The report reflects the different strategic approaches that are needed to be undertaken by Lilly for effectively marketing Cialis in the market for ED drugs and thereby countering potential competition from the million dollar brand, Viagra. It reflects on the different positioning and the marketing mix strategy that is required to be incorporated by Lilly for effectively positioning the Cialis brand and in also generating greater brand awareness about the product in the target market. The marketing of Cialis also needs to be carried out in terms of highlighting the differentiated attributes of the drug compared to Viagra. Cialis helps in the promotion of greater safety and flexibility compared to Viagra and thereby can be rightly prescribed by medical practitioners and consumed by patients. References Babar, Z.-U.-D., 2014. Pharmaceutical Prices in the 21st Century. United Kingdom : Springer. Braithwaite, J., 2013. Corporate Crime in the Pharmaceutical Industry (Routledge Revivals). New York : Routledge. CTI Reviews, 2016. Functional Performance in Older Adults. United Kingdom: Cram101 Textbook Reviews. Dawar, N., 2013. Tilt: Shifting Your Strategy from Products to Customers. United States: Harvard Business Review. Dogramatzis, D., 2016. Healthcare Biotechnology: A Practical Guide. United Kingdom : CRC press. Dubey, S.S., 2017. TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT. United Kingdom : PHI Learning. Ezrachi, A., 2012. Research Handbook on International Competition Law. United Kingdom: Edward Elgar Publishing. Katsanis, L.P., 2015. Global Issues in Pharmaceutical Marketing. New York : Routledge. Lantos, G.P., 2015. Consumer Behavior in Action: Real-life Applications for Marketing Managers. New York : Routledge. MacDougall, R.C., 2011. Drugs Media: New Perspectives on Communication, Consumption, and Consciousness. United States : AC Black. Mei, L., 2012. Conducting Business in China: An Intellectual Property Perspective. United Kingdom : Oxford University Press. Ofek, E., 2010. Product Team Cialis: Getting Ready to Market. Harvard: Harvard Business School. Schecter, A.J., 2012. Drug Dependence and Alcoholism: Volume 1 Biomedical Issues. United Kingdom: Springer Science and Buiness Media. Schoonveld, E., 2016. The Price of Global Health: Drug Pricing Strategies to Balance Patient Access and the Funding of Innovation. New York : Routledge. Taylor, W.N., 2013. Anabolic Steroids and the Athlete. 2nd ed. United Kingdom : McFarland. Thursby, M.C., 2016. Technological Innovation: Generating Economic Results. United Kingdom : Emerald Publishing Group. World Health Organization, 2014. Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health, 2014. United States : WHO.

Taiwan Taxi System Cloud Computing

Market failure, information asymmetry, the case for regulation Essays

Market failure, information asymmetry, the case for regulation Essays Bus 102 Sec 022 Market failure, information asymmetry, the case for regulation The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was approved by the Congress after some big events of corporate scandals. Many big name companies like Enron,WorldCom and Tyco were involved in unethical activities as a result of a market failure. SOX stands for Sarbanes-Oxley Action, is a United States federal law that set expanded requirements for all U.S. public company and public accounting firms. The idea of SOX are largely adopted by big companies. If fact, many large public companies were required to meet the standard conditions of the SOX or they will face severe penalties. Ethical corporate government plays an important role in the concept of market failure. The author uses the example from Aristotle and Adam Smith to address the historical and philosophical context of the market failure problem. He examine the issue and proves that the measures of SOX is largely attributed to corporate bad behavior. The article is intended to provide readers a better understanding of the connection between co rporation and our government. Sarbanes-Oxley proves to be an effective legislation that help to protect the investor from company fraud and help executives to improve ethical standards. Most importantly, it helps to reinforce the strength of the US market and make it a good place to work and invest. According to the author, people usually look for solutions from the market because market offers ownership of the factors of production. This ownership attracts capitalist to fulfill his independence and wealth maximization. Author uses an example of an life experience from Adam Smith to further support his idea that the institutions of commerce provides oversight on the stabilization for our modern market. In the section A framework for corporate bad behavior, many corporate executive let money and profitability obscure their ethical rules. In order to fully understand the nature of the problem of bad behavior and the idea of Sarbanes-Oxley, we have to examine the theoretical context of the problem. In economics, market failure is a situation where the allocation of goods and services in not efficient. There are many ways that can lead to market failure. One of the externalities is information deficits, it enable competitive failures and is categorized simply as lying,cheating and s tealing. Weimer and Vining thinks that information problem are the centerpiece for Sarbanes-Oxley. From the historical aspect of SOX, big companies usually have fraud cases where they have involved in biased media. SOX is a tax-like cost same as pollution control, serve to help the community by increasing investors confidence through transparency and also helps to discipline those executive from doing fraudulent behavior. SOX are compelled to innovate their systems and utilize their resources in order to cut costs. Some of the key component includes auditor independence, corporate responsibility, and enhance financial disclosures. In conclusion, the author uses methodological approaches to the question regarding how the concept of market failure is closely related to ethical corporate governance. The author also discuss the importance of information asymmetry by stating that sometimes in one transaction, one party has more or better information than the other party, this phenomenon creates an imbalance of power in transaction and lead to market failure. Based on authors finding and the examples he provides, we can conclude that SOX is a good legislation that helps to prevent bad corporate behavior. Moreover, SOX will most likely become part of the long term corporate culture and serve as the standard criteria for investors of American and global commerce.

Spiritual Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Spiritual - Essay Example Bermudez wish to achieve? The professor wishes to advance Aesthetics into a higher level, more specifically up the realm of spirituality. Concurrent with his course, he has also embarked on a research project he calls â€Å"Architecture Live (1).† In this research, he aimed to study extraordinary architectural experiences or EAEs which to him are higher awareness of beauty in sacred buildings akin to a spiritual or mystical experience. Using the quantitative and qualitative methods, he placed online a survey questionnaire open to voluntary response by those interested in the project. Upon analysis, the project itself has an empirical character, since it generated data on respondents’ profile such as age, gender, education and field of interest or profession. Categorizing descriptive responses on experiences felt by respondents on ten famous sacred buildings (Haga Sophia, Notre Dame Cathedral, among others), there resulted expressions by survey respondents of profound ex periences beyond ordinary sense of the beautiful, along dimensions of awareness of inner peace, illumination, sense of the ultimate, ecstasy, joy, etc. To assess the Bermudez contribution, the concepts introduced by the professor rightly serves to enrich the study of Aesthetics by way of empirical subjective data on appreciation of sacred architectural buildings. There is a question, however, on conclusions that EAEs â€Å"fundamentally alter one’s state of being† and that these comprise a â€Å"higher level of awareness beyond the normal† (FactandForm.com 1). Through human history, ancient civilizations (Assyrian, Grecian, Hindu, etc.) have set up sacred temples and monuments with architectural design aimed precisely to evoke religious sentiments. Religious or spiritual awareness is not at all beyond normal awareness of humans. Also, the qualitative data on sublime perceptions of beauty from Architecture Live project need not be confined to architecture, as other religious art

Country analysis - i pick TURKEY for this paper Term

Country analysis - i pick TURKEY for this - Term Paper Example This includes lucrative companies and banking sector, this explains the socialist part of the economy. In one word reference to the Turkish economy one can refer to it as a socialist economy or a mixed one. The Turkish government employed the pursuance of etatism as a way of connecting capitalism and socialism (Kinzer 142). The government identifies some of the critical businesses to be left in the hand of private owner and venture into them as the service or products providers. Considering that turkey is developed or undeveloped may be very complex, this is because the country is divided into two in terms of development. Therefore making reference to the whole country might no be accurate. The western part of the country is ten folds as developed as south eastern part of the country which is dominated by the Kurds. Despite of all these, one can still refer to Turkey as a special developing country. In terms of the economy, the Turkish economy according to IMF is an emerging market d ue to the rapid opportunities that blossoms in the economy with the private sector rapidly developing. The country’s GDP is $1.116 Trillion by 2010; this comes with a whooping GDP growth rate of +9.0% in the same year (OI?nisI, Ziya, and Barry 133). The country’ GDP per capita was in the same year $10,106 (nominal) and 15,340 being ppp. Inflation in the country is % 10.43 (OI?nisI, Ziya, and Barry 144). ... s in the country are clearly separated with council of the ministers exercising the executive powers and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey is vested with enactment of legislations. The electoral calendar in the country has a cycle of 5 years and is strictly based on universal suffrage. The current population in Turkey is about 7o million with the projection having it that by 2025, the population of the country will be about 90 million (OI?nisI, Ziya, and Barry 176). Of the population, majority of them are young with only about 6 % of the population constituting those of 65 years and above. The country has enormous labor force estimated to be about 25.64 million within the country and about another 1.2 million working abroad (UI?nay 156). The official language in the country is Turkish; well over 90% of the 71.1 million citizens of the country are well versed with the language. Other forms of language that exist include Kurdish, attracting about 6%, Arabic is also found in the cou ntry will the loyal of about 1.2%. Circassian is also spoken by about 0.09% (UI?nay 186). The main religion in turkey that attracts close to 77% of the population is the Islamic; the remaining percentage is unequally shared with the other faiths. In turkey the average education attainment is the high school with substantial number of students attending the 167 public universities in the country, majority of the students attends the public schools with the proportion standing at 95% (Financial Times Business 23). At primary level, almost all the student enrolls and the percentage attendance is almost 100%. This number transcends to high school where about 1.5 million high school student graduate annually from high school to the tertiary collages. Family income on the other hand is about 42

Role of Technology in Citizens' Social and Economic Development Coursework

Role of Technology in Citizens' Social and Economic Development - Coursework Example Many voluntary organizations have initiated numerous technological projects in rural areas to help improve the living standards of those in rural areas. The result is an increased penetration of technology in these areas. Technology has made tremendous impacts among the rural population, making work easier and improving living standards in many fronts, and despite the deterioration of societal values associated with it, it should be promoted.The penetration of technology in rural areas has come as good news to many rural dwellers. The positive aspects of this penetration are evident. The most conspicuous aspect is the increase in production. Clearly, economies, which have embraced technology, have registered improved productivity. For instance, in the agricultural sector, the use of modern farming techniques and tools has significantly improved the level of output. As opposed to traditional farming practices such as the use of simple tools like hoes, use of tractors, fertilizers, and irrigation have had a tremendous impact on food production, almost assuring food security despite the high population in the society. In offices, automation has played a pivotal role in increased yields (Raj, 2005). Previous manual operations, which consumed a lot of time, have been automated. The emergence of ATMs in the banking sector has allowed clients to transact easily and within less time.Additionally, technology has incorporated rural areas in the global village. Through globalization, the world has become â€Å"one big village† where information is passed and shared almost instantly. Technological inventions continue to reduce the distance between people. The use of emails, social sites such as Facebook and Twitter, phones, tablets, and fax has allowed people to keep in touch as if they are in the same geographical location. News spread faster because of technology. Ideally, it is honest to say that one can make a trip to the entire globe from a remote village withi n seconds courtesy of technology.

Produce Business Information for Management

Produce Business Information for Management LSG Sky chef have more than 300 airlines in whole world and it includes 214 airports which regulate 200 customer services centers in the 51 nations and they produce and prepare the food around to 591 million in a year. LSG Sky Chefs officially newly open in Auckland, New Zealand. The customer service center was built based on a long-term agreement with Air New Zealand. This building located on 2,500 square-meter production area where near to 500 employees produce 17000 meals and some 7000 fresh-food products each day for international airline customers like Air New Zealand, Emirates, Korean Air, LAN Airlines, Qantas, Singapore, Air Calin and Virgin Australia, Qatar Airlines, Emirates and China Southern Airlines as well as for local retailers. I am the Administrator Manager in LSG Sky Chef Auckland. Purpose of Information: Information is very important for an organisation to perform their smooth functions and working. It depends and relates with different level of the firm and it helps through providing the data to the employees who are working on different levels of organisation so that decisions can be made to ensure that the business remains competitive and successful. Information has been created to support the whole range of administration of organisation. It can be seen in all parts of the world an all types of industries both public and private sector.   It helps the organisation for take good decisions which helps for data storage and proper management. Scope: The scope of the business information is very wide. Form: The forms of information in the organization are written below:- 1.Oral 2.Written Oral: LSG Sky Chef is a big industry who prepares the food for airlines. It Has many source for information. Oral is one of the forms of the Information, in which information shared with verbally with other staff and departments. Written:- By writing we can shared the information with other departments of LSG Sky Chef. Written communication is other form of business communication. It is important for LSG Sky Chef and managers create written communication skills for touch with other employees and visitors. Structure: Structure can be divided into below categories:- Financial, Graphical, Hand Written, Filling the Forms, and Word Information. Financial: Structure of information of LSG Sky Chef creates in the shape of money as well. Many documents related with the finance given the information of the funds, Budget, Turn Over of the LSG Sky. Graphical:- Graphical information also gives many information related with LSG Sky Chefs Profit and Loss year by year. Hand Written:- Hand Written also the other way for gives the information to other employees and departments of LSG Sky Chef, in which they shared information with hand written notes. Filing the Forms:- Internal Forms, Enquiry forms gives many information about the LSG Sky Chefs Structure. All departments have different forms of source of information which are connected with their work. Word Information:- LSG Sky Chef provide many information about their working on the Internet and Online. Website of the LSG Sky Chef also gives much information about their working of departments. It may be relates with internal and external information. Presentation:All the business information is present and shows to other people in the organization by arranging the meetings and it is perform through the Internet, E-mails and Templates and Notices etc. Meeting: Head of departments and   Manager hold the meeting for discussing the issues of the LSG Sky Chef, in which they get the information related with work and solve the issues face to face. Internet: Internet provides many information about the LSG Sky Chef. On internet we can also see the other branches of the LSG Sky Chef in the other countries. Notices:- Notices on the Walls and Notice boards also provides the information about the present situation and new notifications of the LSG Sky Chef to the employees of the related departments. E-Mails:- Through e-mails LSG Sky Chefs employers and employees remain in the touch of the new regulation and new changes in the information of the Departments. Resource of Information:- We can get the information from many resources and measures which includes Internet, Personal meeting   and media. Internet: Internet provides many information about the LSG Sky Chef. On internet we can also see the other branches of the LSG Sky Chef in the other countries. Personal Meeting: Head of departments and   Manager hold the meeting for discussing the issues of the LSG Sky Chef, in which they get the information related with work and solve the issues face to face. SECURITY, INTEGRITY AND CONFIDENTIALITY: Integrity: Data of Information cannot be changed before the approval of the higher authority or Administrator of the Organisation because it always being a matter of respect and integrity of the organisation. It always checked and assessed by only an authorized person or member of upper authority of organisation with approval of the organisation. Confidential: All the information always remains confidential. Information always based on external and internal. The internal information should not be disclosed to anyone. LSG internal information always be confidential, they cannot share with other persons. Internal Information includes Finance, Future plans. Security: There is always security for the Information; it should not be share with any one. The term information security is always protected by harsh measures which always frequently checked and changed on time to time. There is confidential information which cannot be shared with anyone except higher management of the company. Different and most effective software are used to protect the information of the organization. All staff of the LSG Sky Chef always kept their stuff with proper care and security. All rooms are secure with proper access cards. No other visitors can enter in LSG Sky Chef Building without proper ID card or authority. AUTHORIZATION, CIRCULATION, FILING AND ARCHIVING: Authorization: Only authorized persons are allowed to keep the information and they have passwords for dealing with such kind of information.   Encryption is the most effective way to achieve data security. To read an encrypted file, you must have access to a secret key or password that enables you to unlock and open it. In LSG Sky Chef all security lockers and doors and computer access always be opened in emergency in the presence of the Head of Departments of the LSG Sky Chef. Only during their presence gives the authorization to open the lockers in the emergency. When information is saved in computer, and then it should be protective with password. Then the folder where it is made must have a password and this password always remain with authorized person. Circulation: Circulation is the processing of information to all the staff members in the organization. Circulation of the information needs: Human Resource Material to circulate Documents Technology Computers, Emails, Etc. Filling: Filing the information is to store information for long time for company needs. An Organization needs to keep data for future reference and data is stored in Computer hard disk or server. Paper documents filed in the files and kept in the safe and secured room. One can also select online storage capacity to store information data online. Milestone: Milestone for information needs depends on nature of business information and its scope. We have to check the information on every interval. For a large organisation the information scope is unlimited and the company may have milestone on the large scale. Milestone can be checked by the nature of information, if the information is related with finance then the milestone for this information are 5-6 times in a month. Task 2 Internal Sources of Information The sources of information that which relates with internal matter of the LSG Sky chef is called Internal Information.   There are different types of internal information such as financial, personnel, marketing, purchasing, sales and administration. Internal information sources can be defined as follows: Financial Information: Money related information is identified with the execution and benefit and loss of the organization. This information will incorporate on the amount you pay to staff of the LSG SKY Chef, the expenses of rates and the charges that you pay as a business. Personnel Information: Personnel information is information held by the company on their employees. Every worker of the LSG Sky   expert   much learning about their territories. This information must be unreservedly accessible to the representative at whatever time that they ask for it. Faculty information can be utilized to screen to what extent a representative has worked for an organization and in the event that they are qualified for a pay increment because of this in view of the LSG Sky Chef strategy. Marketing Information: Marketing information is used by the market team to identify what products or services offered by the business are most successful. The marketing team can collect information from different departments such as sales to promote certain products or services based on current success rates Sales Information: . This information needs to be passed to the financial controllers of LSG Sky Chef to ensure that the cost of your good or service is less than the sale price Administration Information: Administration information links very much with personnel information but also involves communicating with external sources and storing information on customers to build successful relationships with them. Bottom of Form External Sources of Information External information sources are: Government, trade groupings, commercially provided information, database and research. Government: Information provided by the administration is certainly originating from a solid source as this is the administering body that they business works inside. LSG Sky gourmet experts additionally have the control of the legislature. Government gives all offices to the LSG Sky Chef. LSG Sky culinary expert need to utilize vital legitimate data from the Government to help maintain the business effectively and lawfully Trade Groupings: A trade grouping is a group of businesses that operate within the same sector and not within the same location. Many outside business are dealing with the LSG Sky Chef and they provide all food material. Databases Research: Companies can research information that might help them increase the sales and level of interest in their business.. LSG Sky Chef can make money creating this information by analyzing currently available sales stats in particular airlines. Task 3 Review of Sky Chef (Sky-Chefs-Inc./reviews?fcountry=NZfloc=Auckland%2C+Auckland) Approved Certificate NEEDS OF THE COMPANY Company needs some upgrade machines which help the company to finish the product in effective and efficient way. We have to increase the storage facility and for that we have to get some extra place. And secondly increase parking space. Also need more staff for working moreover, need furniture for sitting? POLICIES   Ã‚   All information is recorded and authorized by depot manager and also under the company policy. Every document is kept and backup file is ready. Whenever repair action is needed it must be done as soon as possible because it can damage the quality of product. And most important policy is the privacy policy. All the members have to contact daily and give feedback to everyone. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Our Business is growing very well. Because, suppliers and buyers feedback is good, no complaint of in a service and product. The future of the Companys safe from financial point of view. Recommendation to this company is just to improve the marketing and communication strategy as more advertisement should be done, comes out with more offers. We are making more name and fame in a market.

Recent Studies Concerning Violent Tendencies and the Confusion that Arises :: Violence Murder Papers

Recent Studies Concerning Violent Tendencies and the Confusion that Arises "It was an urge. . . . . A strong urge, and the longer I let it go the stronger it got, to where I was taking risks to go out and kill people-risks that normally, according to my little rules of operation, I wouldn't take because they could lead to arrest." -Edmund Kemper (6) Ted Bundy. Charles Manson. Timothy McVeigh. Bundy murdered pretty women. Manson had followers who killed on his command. McVeigh is responsible for one of the most horrendous terrorist attacks on America, the Oklahoma State bombing. While these three serial killers had different methods for their acts, the one thing they have in common is that they are killers. Murderers who took a number of innocent lives. Perhaps to not the same extent, but sadly enough the world is full of Charles Manson's and Ted Bundy's. Violence has become a common and prevalent occurrence in society today. Everyday on the news one hears stories of crimes-murder, robbery, rape, assault, extortion, kidnapping, homicide, an endless list. Law enforcement works day and night protecting neighborhoods and cities from crimes and violence, but the truth of the matter is that crime still exists and all one can do is ask himself why. Why do such treacherous violent acts exist in society? In essence, one must ask himself whether or not these violent tendencies have any biological relation whatsoever. Do violent tendencies occur as an affect of disruptions or damage to the brain? Is there a genetic correlation? Is violence brought about by some other factor, such as economic difficulties or social or cultural differences? All these questions remain unanswered. But one even significant, broader question that one must cons ider is whether or not these factors, biologically related and non, effect the occurrence of violent tendencies in individuals. In 1848, a railroad worker, Phineas Gage, was working when an explosion caused an iron rod to impale his skull, damaging the front part of his brain. Although Gage miraculously survived, his behavior severely changed in that the intelligent and respectful man everyone knew suddenly because fitful, impulsive, and rude (2). This is one of the first dated cases insinuating that violence may be related to some kind of damage or abnormality in the brain.

The Role and Influence of Mass Media

Topic 5: The role and influence of mass media Since the development of technology, mass media becomes an important part of modern society. It influences all areas; therefore, it is raising a question among people about what are the role and influence of mass media. The term mass media refers to the channels of communication (media) that exist to reach a large public audience (the mass of the population). Mass media includes newspapers, magazines, television, radio, and more recently, the Internet (Kristin& Susan, 2002).Mass media is an efficient supporter in education, policy, entertainment, finance, and all other fields. One function of mass media is education. Mass media supplies an enormous source of documentaries on a wide range of topics such as animals, behavior, geography, history, or art (Kristin& Susan, 2002). The information is extremely helpful with students at any levels. Additionally, mass media contains many visual documentaries, which make learners easier to see and us e theories rather than only reading text.Secondly, there are many educational children’s programs like teaching children to count or recognize words, or introducing them to different societies and cultures (Kristin& Susan, 2002). There are also many programs which help parent to solve their kids’ problems. Fox example, the book â€Å"Good parent bad parenting†, which is published by Lulu. com publisher on February 2 in 2004, is one effective product of mass media which help parents to educate their children. The mass media is also a useful aid of policy. Almost all of politicians use the mass media to promote their positive images or political opinions.There is an example of using the mass media to advertise during his campaign of the United State President Barack Obama: The GOP group announced that they were going on air with a $25 million of advertising to buy in most of the major battleground states to counter a pro-Obama advertising campaign of the same amou nts (â€Å"Obama campaign,† 2012). Moreover, some ministries use the mass media to introduce new policy and to take feedback from the populace. For instance, the Vietnamese Ministry of Transport presented a new policy about taking fare of transport on Monday, January 1st 2012 (â€Å"The Ministry of transportation,† 2012).After a few days, they received many opinions among the public, which included positive and negative feedback so that they could correct this policy. Another important function of the mass media is entertainment. Since the development of the mass media, the entertainment industry has been more and more successful to approach the public. There are many entertainment programs available on TV, radio, or the Internet every day. The variety of entertainment programs make them suitable for all types of viewers. On TV nowadays, there are some special channels for people interested in travelling, discovering, cooking, shopping, etc.For example, cable TV has ne arly one hundred of channels of all fields, which are very useful. One type of the mass media, advertising, brings benefits to both entertainment industry and economy. All producers use advertisements to introduce their products to public with an aim to sell goods. However, with the dense appearance of advertisements, advertising can be seen as one type of entertainment. Besides the positive influence, there is so much negative influence of the mass media. Firstly, the mass media contains so much unsuitable content that affect badly everyone, especially the children.Some violent programs on TV or on the Internet make children aggressive and make them use violence to solve their problems exactly like what they have seen on the mass media. A recent review of sixty-seven studies that investigated the influence of TV violence on aggression in children found that three-quarters of the studies claimed to find some association(Kristin& Susan, 2002). One noticeable example about this issue is about the juvenile criminal named Le Van Luyen. He intended to kill four people in a family to rob their gold (â€Å"Le Van Luyen kill mercilessly,† 2011).His bloody crime was quite a disaster. However, it also has been available in mass media for a long time. Therefore, his images and crime were available on all types of mass media. This led to another terrible crime of a younger criminal named Dao Van Tai. He killed two people to rob property. When being asked by police, he admitted committing this crime by copying the crime of Le Van Luyen (â€Å"The second frightened murder,† n. d). Secondly, mass media sometimes invades people’s privacy. Celebrities and politicians are usually the victims because they receive more concern from society than others.The mass media industry sometimes uses private details to make profits rather than showing the full view of somebody’s live to the public; hence, mass media public their scandals or bad behaviour. These i nvasions are bad for their profession or even destroy their reputation. Mass media even is an origin of spreading out secret information of the government. Once the secret information is leaked out, it will be available all over the world rapidly through mass media. For example, the latest intelligence of the United States, which is flooded in all types of the mass media, is the secret information of the war in Afghanistan.The information really makes the United States nervous. Washington fears it may have lost even more highly sensitive material including an archive of tens of thousands of cable messages sent by US embassies around the world, reflecting arms deals, trade talks, secret meetings and uncensored opinion of other governments (â€Å"Afghanistan war log,† n. d). The mass media may contain misleading information, which has negative impact on the public. Since some information in the mass media is misreporting, misquoting, rumor, or exaggeration, people do not know w hich one is reliable; therefore, they waste time reading wrong information.That is so confusing! Mass media plays an important role in modern society. It can have positive influence on one side and negative impact on the other side. The public can not refuse its advantages by only seeing the disadvantages of the mass media. However, people must have an overlook to the mass media so that they can take advantages of mass media as much as they can! END WORDS COUNT: 994 REFERENCE LIST: 1. Book: Kristine, B. & Susan, H. (2002), Academic encounters- Life in the society, New York, Cambridge. 2. Web document:Afghanistan war logs story behind biggest leak in intelligence history (n. d). Retrieved July 5, 2010, from http://www. guardian. co. uk The second frightened murder in Vinh Phuc (n. d). Retrieved April 19, 2012, from http://www. kenh14. vn Obama campaign: Crossroads ad campaign is â€Å"dishonest† (2012), from http://www. pilitico. com The Ministry of transportation explain the reasons for fare of transport (2012). Retrieved November 1, 2012, from http://www. vneconomy Le Van Luyen killed mercilessly people (n. d). Retrieved November, 2011, from http://www. vnexpress. net

Free Essays on Useless Facts

â€Å"Any Class, Any Day, Any Subject† As I looked into my classroom I saw â€Å"mindless students in perfect rows bombarded by useless facts.† As usual I was late because I needed books for the next class, but there was not enough time to get to my locker. (Compound Complex) I walk in to class and my teacher just gives me a nasty look because we have had this conversation why I am always late. Once I get seated my teacher continues his lecture in a monotone voice that is asking you to go to sleep. (Complex) Next, the clock watching starts, this famous ritual consists of looking at your teacher, yet you don’t really hear what they are saying. Then you start watching the every clock every five minutes, or that is what it seems until look and see the little red hand had not made a single one of it’s sacred revolutions. After twenty minutes of rambling and repeating himself the teacher gives us an asignment that will probably teach us very little and is do at the end of the period. It takes me about five minutes to complete the assignment. After putting my head down in my book for another five minutes I find my self bored enough to play my prehistoric video games on my calculator. Immediately after pulling my calculator out, my friend who is suffering from the same boredom begs me if he can play some games. I really don’t want to, but he is my partner in Spanish and my only chance at a â€Å"C† so I give it to him. There are ten minutes left this is the longest ten minutes of the period because the only thing you have to do is watch the clock. Every second feels like five. It seems as though you can hear the second hand moving. With five minutes left everyone packs up and starts talking which makes time fly by. As the bell rings we turn in our work and go to our next class. Every classroom has a different characteristic. Most of that depends on the teacher but, some subjects can not be taught c... Free Essays on Useless Facts Free Essays on Useless Facts â€Å"Any Class, Any Day, Any Subject† As I looked into my classroom I saw â€Å"mindless students in perfect rows bombarded by useless facts.† As usual I was late because I needed books for the next class, but there was not enough time to get to my locker. (Compound Complex) I walk in to class and my teacher just gives me a nasty look because we have had this conversation why I am always late. Once I get seated my teacher continues his lecture in a monotone voice that is asking you to go to sleep. (Complex) Next, the clock watching starts, this famous ritual consists of looking at your teacher, yet you don’t really hear what they are saying. Then you start watching the every clock every five minutes, or that is what it seems until look and see the little red hand had not made a single one of it’s sacred revolutions. After twenty minutes of rambling and repeating himself the teacher gives us an asignment that will probably teach us very little and is do at the end of the period. It takes me about five minutes to complete the assignment. After putting my head down in my book for another five minutes I find my self bored enough to play my prehistoric video games on my calculator. Immediately after pulling my calculator out, my friend who is suffering from the same boredom begs me if he can play some games. I really don’t want to, but he is my partner in Spanish and my only chance at a â€Å"C† so I give it to him. There are ten minutes left this is the longest ten minutes of the period because the only thing you have to do is watch the clock. Every second feels like five. It seems as though you can hear the second hand moving. With five minutes left everyone packs up and starts talking which makes time fly by. As the bell rings we turn in our work and go to our next class. Every classroom has a different characteristic. Most of that depends on the teacher but, some subjects can not be taught c...

foundation of nation essays

foundation of nation essays A formation of nation occurs when a state has a unified administrative reach over the territory over which its sovereignty is claimed. The development of a plurality of nations is basic to the centralization and administrative expansion of state domination internally. Therefore the nation-state, which exists in a complex of other nation-states, is a set of institutional forms of governance maintaining an administrative monopoly over an economic, political, social and cultural territory with demarcated borders, its rule being sanctioned by law and direct control of the means of internal and external violence exists when a state has a unified administrative reach over the territory over. Many states were formed at a point in time when people sharing a common history, culture, and language discovered a sense of identity. This was true in the cases of England and France, for example, which were the first nation-states to emerge in the modern period, and of Italy and Germany, which w ere established as nation-states in the 19th century. In contrast, however, other states, such as India, the Soviet Union, and Switzerland, came into existence without a common basis in race, culture, or language. It must also be emphasized that contemporary nation-states were creations of different historical periods and of varied circumstances. Before the close of the 19th century, the effective mobilization of governmental powers on a national basis had occurred only in Europe, the United States, and Japan. The truest symbol of its importance is the printing press. For one thing, this invention enormously increased the resources of government, which the fact that the printing press increased the size of the educated and literate classes. Renaissance civilization thus took a quantum jump, acquiring deeper foundations than any of its predecessors or contemporaries by calling into play the intelligence of more individuals than ever ...

A Computer Science Life Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Computer Science Life - Research Paper Example I would aim to know the people who are the movers and shakers within the world of computer science and technology and would therefore try my best to be one step ahead of how they shaped up their lives and what they did in essence to reach the respective positions that they are at. This is true that as a computer science major, I would envision success if I am hard working and committed to the cause of knowing more and more with the changing times. This is significant because it would teach me the basics to know about computer science and in essence the varied technological manifestations. My desire would be to reach the top with consummate ease but for that I would leave no stone unturned and read a lot of books, journals and technology-related magazines to stay abreast of the changing trends within computer science and the linked technological areas. In short, I will incorporate the true value of computer science within my life and find out the best that there is, as far as the tech nological manifestations are concerned. What is even more astounding here is the fact that I would not stop here at all. I would try my utmost to find out about the people who have made it to the top echelons within the technological fields so that my canvas of understanding the computer science major would be bolstered with the passage of time.... I would also endeavor to provide them with a few inventions that would culminate with my hard work and skills which I will put to the best possible test. To the general society, I will always be giving in my very best (Soderdahl, 2011). I would read a lot of computer related journals and technological magazines which would offer me the best step forward. This shall make my task easier in discerning the very basics related with life and its different manifestations. It shall also dictate the way varied progresses would be made within the world of technology through a number of innovations, inventions and the like. I would therefore get to know quite a good amount of information regarding the world of computers and indeed the real world of technology. I believe that technology cannot work in vacuum. This needs to be properly understood in order to mesh quality results at the end. This can be done by incorporating technology within the management frameworks and then asking the managemen t regimes to employ the best possible use of technology so as to reap rich dividends at the end. Technology and management are related – in the sense that both work towards the final goal of satisfying the customers (or the users). Both technology and management contexts aim to look after the organizational well-being and bring in the positives which are strived for, by the employees and the top management alike. Technological domains need to be properly managed in order for them to become adequately sound with the business practices and regimes which are in place, and these must be comprehended by my entirety to gain further understanding (Brummans, 2011). The relation between the two

Risk Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Risk Assessment - Essay Example Table of Contents I. Introduction II. Body Table 1.0 III. Conclusion IV. References Introduction: It is without question that the risks facing children on the World Wide Web are expansive. The risks associated with chat rooms and strangers on the internet have been the cause for many law enforcement investigations and new protocols and restrictions towards what minors can and cannot do on the internet. Likewise, even secondary schools have been instituting policies which ban educators from â€Å"friending† their own students on social networking sites due to the perceived risk and liability that this entails. However, although the risks to children online and more specifically in social networking are vast, growing, and varied, few studies have attempted to present what risks are the most prescient and to what extent. This type of analysis is beneficial in determining proper policies and procedures in order to mitigate these risks. As such, this brief analysis will make a curs ory review of the risks associated with social networking as it applies to children and then construct a risk assessment of these threats in order to more succinctly describe the threats that children face in the social networking sphere. ... Accordingly, the levels of restrictions that users can chose to set regarding what information is shared/distributed with others is at the prerogative of the user. However, children are unlikely to entertain the full scope of how privacy can affect their lives. Additionally, the decision of what to share, what not to share, to what extent to share, and who to share it with is also likely not a cognitive ability that children will fully grasp the significance of (White, 2012). Without question, privacy is an issue that affects all users; however, with respect to children, the danger is specifically high. For purposes of this analysis, privacy concerns (as they relate to children on social networking) have been labeled a high overall risk. This is due to the fact that privacy violation and over sharing are so expansive as well as the fact the severity associated with that risk exceeds the category of privacy itself. With respect to privacy, the threat to children online can begin and e nd with this category. If it is taken seriously, the succeeding categories are redundant; however, if not heeded at all, this privacy category is a gateway to each of the others. Regardless of the particular privacy mechanism in question, the increasing rate of identity theft, issues relating to what to share and how to share it, and the fact that privacy encompasses all of the dangers that are extant to children online makes it the most prescient issue associated with the problem. When one stops to think about it, the proper amount of online privacy will stop sexual predators from finding their victims, will hamper cyber bullying, and will serve to protect the child in most other situations. As such, privacy is the paramount concern with relation to social networking. Likewise, a

Please see uploaded outline Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Please see uploaded outline - Research Paper Example These private hospitals have an added benefit of being on schedule in providing training that meets the medical requirements of the next generation. To this end, senior healthcare professionals, other than their career function as medical practitioners, have an obligation, or choice, of teaching in hospital training institutions. Private hospitals are for-profit entities with stakeholders upholding a valid expectation of getting a return on their investment. In this regard, private hospitals expect value for money. As such, senior health professionals, who wish to join these hospitals, must demonstrate a sense of unwavering commitment to their duty. In spite of the foregoing, doctors will more often than not take up teaching jobs on a part-time basis. Essentially, it is a delicate balance in how such professionals split their time and resources. As consultants, they inevitably provide services in multiple entities. The latter could be the concern of private hospitals, that such professionals are not be fully committed to meeting the obligations, objectives, and mission of private hospitals. The essence of the discussion presented here is to highlight and analyze the various predictors to this concern. Private hospitals have to lay down organizational and structural frameworks and processes that support their mission and objectives. Essentially, this calls for building sustainable and well-coordinated teams. However, senior health professionals are leaders in their own right, and have considerable leeway as to how they utilize their time and resources. A leadership initiative to establish effective working teams is a fundamental ingredient that determines the quality of medical care provided by private hospitals (Riley, Davis, Miller, Hansen, Sainfort, & Sweet, 2011). To this end, it is mandatory for the leadership to undertake deliberate initiatives to develop common values and objectives, by providing a framework where teams

Production And Operation Essay Example for Free

Production And Operation Essay 1(a). The word measure is defined as the process of approximating or estimating the magnitude of an object in relation with some units of measurement. I t usually involves the assignment of nun-negative real numbers to the subsets The term productivity is also defined as the measure of the production process output divided by the number of unit of input. For instant, labor productivity is usually measured as the ratio of the labor output per hour and input. Therefore, the quantitative aspects of the input and output are put into consideration (Christopher Voss (1984). Generally, productivity of higher education is defined in terms of how much individuals and the society as a whole are gaining from the educational sector, considering the resources that they employ. It also shows whether the system is wasteful in any way as well. The issue of productivity is looked at in two dimensions. That is, the efficiency perspective and the effectiveness perspective. Efficiency looks at the level as well as the quality of the education services obtained from the available resources. A sector that produces higher quality or greater quantity of outputs using the same resources, then it said to have improved efficiency. On the other hand, effectiveness focuses on the extent which the needs and demands of the customers are met by the providers. The stakeholders in this case include the students, local communities, faculty, the state governments and the nation at large. Therefore, it’s clear that productivity improvement is a multidimensional process which depends on the goals and missions of the particular system at hand. Under measure productivity, the general approach that is employed mostly is the development of measures of both the effectiveness and efficiency. These measures are then employed together so that productivity improvement is measured. Through the use of input and output measures, there could be either the technical efficiency ratios used to measure the physical output per unit input, or the use of economical efficiency ratios that compare and contrast the outcomes to the inputs. However, the present problems that hinder the measure of the input and the output do not make easy for the creation of these measures. Therefore, it is necessary to rely on direct measures where the resources employed by the industry are put across together with the outcome and the quality of the services. In situations where the industry produces multiple outputs, these outputs are always weighted using some criterion and then summed. b). Looking at the relationship between strategy and operations management, we first define the terms. The word strategy refers to the long term plan of actions that is designed to meet the set aims and goals. On the other hand, operations management refers to the process of ensuring that all the activities that are meant to be carried on in the industry are carried on in to achieve the set up goals and regulations. For the operation management process to be successful there has to be the long term goals that must be strategically set. These goals are the key drives of all the processes that take place in the entire industry. Therefore, the strategy used should be the one that is achievable and relevant to the operations at hand. The production management process should also be in line with the long term action plans that are set so that it will be easier to meet the set goals. The process should be handled in a formal manner in order to promote or make the whole production process easier. These set goals as well as the long term actions should be made known to the employees of the company and the public as well so that they can contribute towards the achievement of the same. For instant, in a higher education industry, they should set long term actions to produce the best students or to be the best research institutions. The goals set should be those that are achievable and the community as well as the students, the lecturers and the non teaching staff should all be informed about all these. c). The terms Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) refers to the costs that are generated due to the production of defective materials. These include those costs that are used in bridging the gap between the desired and actual service quality and products. It also consists of the costs of losses in terms of the opportunities caused by the loss of recourses that are later used to correct the defects. COPQ includes all the labor costs, the rework costs, material costs and the disposition costs. However, it does not include the detection as well as the prevention cost. For instant, in the tourism industry can have the COPQ whereby the services offered to the tourists are not to the standard due to lack of enough accommodation or workers. Hence, to rectify this, they employ more workers and build up or renovate their buildings in order to improve there services. On the other hand the term cost of quality is widely used but mostly misunderstood. It is defined as the cost of not creating a quality product or services. This cost increases every time work is redone. For instant, in the tourism industry, they incur this cost when their workers fail to offer perfect services to the tourists as they may end up being discouraged from visiting the country again. d). A toy market that is ready to sell its new products has to follow different procedures in order to reduce the time that it will re quire to sell these products. First, there will be need for a massive advertisement either in the papers, televisions and live shows so that they can inform the consumers on the products. This in tern will keep the potential customers aware of the products in a manner that they will be encouraged to purchase these products that they will need to purchase. Another main point that the toy manufacturing company should take into consideration is the quality of the toys that they produce and sell to the customers. The toys that of good quality will definitely take less time as compared to the toys of bad quality. The price of the products, that is the price which the toys are disposed at will also affect the time that the products will take in the market. Cheap or affordable products will take short time in the market as compared to the expensive products or unaffordable products. When the company that is manufacturing the toys plans the type of toys that they produce, they should take into consideration the technology at hand and the age that they are targeting. For instant, toys are basically meaningful to the young children hence should be designed in a manner that they will be attractive to the children and can be handled by them as well. This will definitely reduce the marketing time for the new products. 2). The three basic capacity expansion strategies include the process focused strategy, the repetitive focused strategy, and the product focused strategy. These are all aimed at improving the production management and control systems as a whole. Under the process focused strategy, the available facilities are organized by the process itself and all the similar processes are put together. There is also the presence of a low volume, but high variety products, as well as the presence of a jumbled flow. This strategy has its merits and demerits in general. The advantages of this strategy are: Availability of great product flexibility that ensures that the products are modified incase of any need. Availability of more general equipment that are used to handle many tasks at a time. And there is room for low capital investment thus even the poor can afford to invest in the business. The disadvantages are: Need for very highly trained personnel which expensive to higher and fire. Availability of more difficulty production planning control process that needs a lot of money to run and consumes a lot of time. And poor equipment control process hence more expense to organization since these equipments may spoil any time or get lost. Under the repetitive focused strategy, the facilities are often organized by the use of assembly lines. It is mainly characterized by the use modules which are combined for many output options (Philip E. Hicks (1919). The advantages of this strategy are that it is seen to be more structured than the process focused strategy and enables Quasi-customization. It also enjoys economical advantage of a continuous process since it makes maximum use of modules. The product focused strategy has facilities that are organized by the products (Jay Hezier (1996). There is also room for high volume, low variety products and is usually found in the discrete unit manufacturing company and the continuous process of manufacturing.The advantages of this strategy include: Lower variable costs per unit which reduce the production costs in general leading to reduction in selling prices. Availability of lower but more specialized labor skills hence production is efficient and meets the demands of the consumer. Possibility of easier production planning and control hence saves time and reduces production cost as well. And the presence of equipment utilization and maintenance. The disadvantages are: High probability of lower product flexibility Need for more specialized equipments that are expensive And need for a very high capital investment thus closes doors for the poor in the society. 3). It is not easy for the jobs to be designed as well as be incorporated in order to meet all the characteristics in the principles. However, it is important to note that jobs should form a coherent whole independently or through involving the related jobs. The whole performance of the job should ensure that there is a significant contribution to the completion the services and the products (Meric S. Gertler (2004). It should also ensure that there is provision of a variety of pace, location, method and skills that are necessary. It should also provide feedback of the performance to the other people directly. Discretion and time control should be given chance as well as the sequence and the pace of work efforts. The job should also ensure that some responsibility for outcomes is included; there is room for learning and problem solving within the competence of the individual. It should also be done in a way that it leads towards a desirable future. The individuals should be free to develop in a way that they find relevant. Job specialization is defined as the process of separation of the organizational activities into tasks that are distinct and involves the process of assigning different tasks to different people. On the other hand, job enrichment is seen as the motivation of employees by giving opportunities to them in order to range heir abilities. For instant, in an institution that deals with learning, there are different departments that deal with different things at a time. Each department has its heads that are the key decision makers. A job that is enriched has a variety of tasks as well as varying challenges in difficulties, a meaningful work, has a feedback, encouragement and good communication. Â  Job enrichment includes the process of turning the employees’ efforts into performance, links the employee’s performance to the rewards directly, and makes sure that the employees are interested in the reward. For instant, in an organization, employees who have performed well in their work are given promotions at the end of a certain period of time in order to motivate them. On the other hand, job specialization ensures that the employees are good in a particular section as compared to the other sections hence can work best when given the chance of working there. In most cases, it does not involve rewards but takes into consideration the ability of the employee and the experiences at hand (Richard B. Chase (1998). Job specialization also ensures that there is decentralization of activities and powers. Decisions here are made at the different levels depending on who is in charge of the area affected. This does not apply to the case of job enrichment since the main aim here is to motivate the employees References Richard B. Chase (1998). Production and Operation Management. McGraw-Hill College, ISBN007517102 Jay Hezier (1996). Production and Operation Management. Prentice Hall PTR, ISBN0132444844. Meric S. Gertler (2004). Manufacturing Culture: The Institutional Geography of Industrial Practice. Oxford University Press, ISBN0198233825. The Encyclopedia Americana: A Library of Universal Knowledge, page 484. Philip E. Hicks (1919). Industrial Engineering and Management. McGraw-Hill, ISBN0070288070. Christopher Voss (1984). Research in Production/Operations Management. Gower Pub. Co., U.S.A, ISBN 0566007592

Fifthe Business Essay -- essays papers

Fifthe Business Guilt is defined as a feeling of responsibility or remorse for some offense, crime or wrong committed. Guilt is a major theme in the novel Fifth Business. Dunny has been raised in a strict Presbyterian household which has encouraged him to feel guilt about many minor things. Even though Paul was not born at the time of the snowball incident, Paul Dempster still feels guilty towards his mothers simple mindedness. Percy Boyd Stautons repressed guilt does considerable damage and ultimately recoils on himself. In Fifth Business many characters feel guilt due to the snowball incident. Dunny Ramsay feels extremely guilty because he had anticipated that Percy, with whom he had been arguing, would throw one final snowball at him before he eats dinner. He felt Mrs. Ramsay’s pain when she was crying. â€Å"I had never heard an adult cry in pain before and the sound was terrible for me.† Dunny is still very young, and most likely, he has the perception that the adults should be the strong ones. To hear Mrs. Dempster cry must have been very emotionally difficult for ...